Scientists discover gene that controls speed of tuberculosis
development
August 17, 2005
Credit Pacific Service Union Scientists at the MUHC have discovered a gene that controls the
speed at which patients develop tuberculosis-the first time such a
gene has been discovered for this disease. The new study published
in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS) this
week provides a new view of the mechanisms underlying the
development of tuberculosis and may contribute to public
health efforts aimed at
containing the disease.
Types of genes changed by CR BioMarker's strategy is to search for the genes most critically involved in the aging process by exploring the changes in gene expression caused by caloric restriction in various tissues (liver, heart, brain and muscle) in mice, monkeys and humans throughout their life span, and to discover what gene changes occur when CR is started at different ages, and carried on for varying periods of time. BioMarker scientists are looking for changes in key regulatory genes that trigger secondary gene changes. aging gene expression profile.
Credit First Service Union "About one-third of the world's population is infected by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-the bacteria responsible for
tuberculosis," says Dr. Erwin Schurr, a molecular geneticist at the
Centre for the Study of Host Resistance at the MUHC, and the
study's principal investigator. "Of the estimated two billion
people infected, only 5%-10%
actually develop tuberculosis disease in their lifetime-the
other 90%-95% appear to be able to contain the infection in a
dormant state, so that they do not become ill." Dr. Schurr has
spent the past 5 years researching why and how this happens.
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Card Credit Mobile Service The new research focused on NRAMP1-a gene already known to be
involved in many other illnesses, including
diseases as diverse as leprosy
and rheumatoid arthritis. "We discovered that variants (alleles)
of the NRAMP1 gene control the speed at which tuberculosis
develops, rather than whether or not it will develop at all,"
says Dr. Schurr. "This is the first time a gene has been shown
to control the time frame between initial infection and the
disease." Certain factors are already known to increase the
speed at which people develop tuberculosis. "HIV and
tuberculosis are synergistic partners in crime for example,"
says Dr. Schurr. "They appear to accelerate disease progression
when they occur together."
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Card Credit Discover Service "Understanding the basic pathways of pathogenesis offers new
targets and policies for disease prevention," notes Dr. Emil
Skamene, Scientific Director of the Research Institute of the MUHC.
"Academic hospitals such as the MUHC combine scientific research,
technology and clinic expertise, enabling scientific breakthroughs
to be developed into treatments and cures that directly benefit
patients."
Prior to the Human Genome Project, the base sequences of numerous human genes had been determined through contributions made by many individual scientists.
Credit Public Service Union McGill University
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