A Congressional investigation of the money that drug companies give
as supposed educational grants has found that the payments are
growing rapidly and are sometimes steered by marketing executives
to doctors and groups who push unapproved uses of drugs.
Credit Pacific Service Union Twenty-three drug makers spent a total of $1.47 billion in 2004
on educational grants, or an average of $64 million per company,
according to the Senate Finance Committee. That number was a 20
percent increase from the total in 2003, which was $1.23
billion.
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Credit First Service Union The committee did not estimate what percentage of those grants
were instead used for marketing purposes. But in a letter sent
Monday to Johnson & Johnson, the committee suggested that the
use of educational grants to further marketing aims was widespread
in the industry. The committee also sent letters to most other
major drug makers this week, seeking more information about their
use of educational grants.
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Card Credit Mobile Service The investigation is being directed by Senator Charles E.
Grassley, Republican of Iowa, and Senator Max Baucus, Democrat from
Montana, who are the chairman and ranking minority member,
respectively, of the committee.
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Card Credit Discover Service "It's hard to see how you could call some of these grants
'educational,' " Mr. Grassley said in an interview.
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Credit Public Service Union Mr. Baucus added, "If drug companies are crossing the line with
these grants and influencing providers to make treatment decisions
they might not otherwise make, that's a problem and we're going to
tackle that."
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Card Credit Processing Service The investigation is part of a growing reassessment by federal
legislators and prosecutors of the ways that drug makers are said
to encourage doctors to prescribe medicines for uses not approved
by federal drug regulators.
Center Credit Service Union Although doctors are allowed to prescribe federally approved
drugs for any purposes they see fit, companies are allowed to
market drugs only for their specifically approved uses. But in
years past, at least, drug makers have given grants to doctors,
medical societies and patient groups that do promote unapproved, or
off-label uses.
Card Credit Service Wireless There is no doubt that off-label use of drugs is big business
for the pharmaceutical industry. It has been estimated that more
than half of all prescriptions written nationwide are for off-label
uses.
Credit Security Service Union Food and Drug Administration regulations have long allowed drug
companies to give educational grants to individuals or groups that
discuss or promote off-label uses. But in recent years, federal
prosecutors have been investigating whether these activities have
strayed beyond educational purposes and violated antikickback
statutes or resulted in the government's spending money in its
Medicare and Medicaid health programs for prescriptions that were
not warranted.
Credit Report Service In one example cited in the committee's letter, Johnson &
Johnson in 1999 provided an "educational" grant to pay for an
alumni reception at the annual meeting of a medical specialty
society.
Blogspot Com Christian That grant was provided at the request of a physician who had
previously received grant money for research and educational
activities related to Propulsid, a Johnson & Johnson drug that
was withdrawn in 2000 after it was found to cause potentially fatal
heart arrhythmias. Although Propulsid was approved only to treat
severe heartburn in adults, it ended up being widely prescribed for
off-label use by children.
Christian Counseling Credit The committee's letter seeks information beyond what Johnson
& Johnson has already provided investigators. Jeffrey Leebaw, a
company spokesman, declined to comment, beyond saying, "We are in
receipt of the letter and will cooperate with the committee's
request for additional information."
Credit Federal Service Union Ken Johnson, a senior vice president for the industry's main
trade group, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of
America, said drug makers' decisions about awarding educational
grants were up to the individual companies. "We do, however, offer
comprehensive voluntary guidelines to our member companies that are
designed to help keep marketing practices ethical," he said.
Credit Monitoring Service Some companies have said that they have revamped their
grant-making procedures recently, taking the power to bestow grants
out of the hands of marketing executives and giving it instead to
executives in the companies' medical divisions.
Credit Division Service But the committee found that these changes had not been
universally adopted.
Card Credit Online Service "It appears that many manufacturers' sales and/or marketing
personnel still have a role in originating or evaluating grant
requests," the committee's letter to Johnson & Johnson
said.
Consumer Counseling Credit Inc The letter asked pointed questions about the company's efforts
to promote Propulsid, particularly among children.
Card Credit Fleet Service Days before the committee's investigation began last summer, an
article in The New York Times detailed how Johnson & Johnson
gave grants to doctors, medical societies and patient advocacy
groups that promoted Propulsid's use in children. The drug was
widely prescribed by pediatricians, even though Propulsid was never
shown to be effective in children, was never approved by federal
regulators for use in children, and may have been particularly
toxic to children.
Card Consolidation Credit The committee's letter to Johnson & Johnson said that
information that the company had earlier given to the committee
about its "efforts to promote the use of Propulsid in children
raises additional questions."
Credit Free Online Report The committee found, for example, that the company's educational
grants were being authorized by executives with titles that
included product director, gastroenterology product director,
Propulsid brand product director and director of segment
marketing.
Credit Federal First Service "Most, if not all, of these titles appear to relate to positions
involved in sales and/or marketing," the letter noted. And it said
many of the grants that Johnson & Johnson provided relating to
Propulsid "have no apparent relation to education."
Consumer Credit Service The letter noted that from 1996 through 1999 Johnson &
Johnson provided more than $1.3 million to a patient advocacy
organization that had almost no financing from any other source.
The group folded in 2000 after Propulsid was withdrawn.
Center Credit Family Service The letter does not identify this group, but the details match
those of the American Pseudo-Obstruction and Hirschsprung's Disease
Society. The group helped to train speakers who, over three years,
made presentations to 6,000 to 8,000 pediatric doctors and nurses
about the treatment of childhood reflux, recommending
Propulsid.
Credit Reporting Service The letter also noted that Johnson & Johnson provided
significant financing to three medical societies that it did not
identify. The level of financing was such that these groups "may
become so reliant on industry funding that it may compromise their
independence," the letter stated.
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