Credit Pacific Service Union Electricity industry analysts warned yesterday that the memos showing how Enron Corp. manipulated California's power supply in the past two years demonstrate that smart, very detailed market rules have to be devised and enforced.
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Credit First Service Union At the same time, they noted, the push by states to deregulate the sale of electricity has virtually ended.
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Card Credit Mobile Service Several experts said Enron's transfer of energy outside California to evade price caps and its creation of phony congestion on power lines could be duplicated by other power companies elsewhere in the United States. But they also said the success of a power grid serving Maryland, New Jersey and Pennsylvania can serve as a model for deregulation that avoids the pitfalls experienced in California.
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Card Credit Discover Service For more than a year, electric industry experts and state officials suspected that Enron officials had manipulated the California electricity market. But with federal regulators' release this week of Enron documents showing the extent of the company's strategy to control pricing there, the experts said the possibility of market manipulation was no longer just an idle threat.
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Credit Public Service Union "We have the smoking gun," said Kenneth Rose, a senior economist at the National Regulatory Research Institute at Ohio State University. If federal regulators don't have "every loose end tied down" as new standardized power company rules are being considered, he said, "there will be strong incentives to manipulate."
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Card Credit Processing Service Robert McCullough, a Portland, Ore., energy consultant, said deregulation in California "got hijacked by interests of the sort we see in the Enron memos," which disclosed that the firm used such names as "Fat Boy," "Death Star," "Get Shorty" and "Ricochet" for various techniques to manipulate the pricing and supply of power.
Center Credit Service Union Lawrence Makovich, a power industry analyst with Cambridge Energy Research Associates in Cambridge, Mass., said: "There's a very important lesson, that power markets are a terribly complicated business. A market can work, but you have to have rules."
Card Credit Service Wireless Makovich and others pointed to the fact that the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approved deregulation in early 1998 on both the California model and a sharply different one covering Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland, known as the PJM Interconnection, which manages power transmission in the mid-Atlantic states.
Credit Security Service Union In hindsight, it is the operating model for the PJM grid that has mostly proven successful, Makovich and other analysts said. FERC has said that it wants to create a small number of regional electric transmission grids throughout most of the country to increase electricity company competition and that it views the PJM Interconnection as a model for the new grids.
Credit Report Service "It's not perfect," Makovich said of the mid-Atlantic grid. "But we've not seen shortages, we've not seen price spikes, we have seen investments in power plants to keep pace with demands." Michael J. Travieso, the Maryland People's Counsel who acts as an advocate for consumers in rate cases, said the key difference between PJM and California is that PJM does not prohibit utilities from signing long-term contracts to buy power as was done in California. As a result, power companies in California had to buy power on the spot market, which is subject to minute-by-minute price fluctuations.
Blogspot Com Christian "PJM has a much better market design to lock those prices in," he said. "That meant the risk on the retail side was reduced.
Christian Counseling Credit "There's now a realization that the wholesale electric market represents a fertile valley for market manipulation," Travieso said. "It's a real market where there can be a certain market manipulation that is hard to detect. Regulators can no longer say, 'Don't worry about this.' "
Credit Federal Service Union McCullough said California "had a very poor set of rules," which Makovich noted limited its operation to the state rather than across political boundaries to give it more flexibility as with PJM. In addition, Makovich said the California power operation defined the commodity of electricity and the way it was priced differently than PJM.
Credit Monitoring Service "The evidence is that PJM is working," but "not perfectly," Makovich said.
Credit Division Service Still, he said that a decade into the national push to deregulate the sale of electricity there is "no consensus on what rules need to be in place."
Card Credit Online Service "Markets are largely ill defined, one-third of generating power is deregulated, one-half of the states provide some form of deregulation," and only 6 percent of the consumers who have an opportunity to switch to another power company under deregulation have made such a change, he said.
Consumer Counseling Credit Inc Rose said that between 1996 and June 2001 24 states, including Maryland and Virginia, as well as the District, passed laws allowing consumers to decide who would provide their power.
Card Credit Fleet Service But in the aftermath of the blackouts and price spikes in California, Rose said that West Virginia, Arkansas, Oklahoma and New Mexico have passed laws indefinitely delaying deregulation, while California, Nevada and Oregon have sharply limited the scope of their deregulation. Moreover, he said 16 states have entirely dropped any move toward deregulation.
Card Consolidation Credit Even though Virginia, Maryland and D.C. consumers have the chance to pick alternative power providers, they mostly have not. In Virginia, where power company choice is in its early stages, only 2,078 out of 690,000 customers have done so. In Maryland, 45,000 out of 1.8 million customers have switched companies, while 12,345 out of 222,801 in the District have done so.
Credit Free Online Report By Kenneth Bredemeier
Washington Post - 5/8/2002
Topic: Energy
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